According to the learning theory of language development, how is language learned?

The learning theory of language development posits that language acquisition occurs primarily through operant conditioning and environmental reinforcement. This theory emphasizes the role of the environment and the importance of interactions between a child and caregivers. Language is learned as children are exposed to speech and language from their surroundings, which they then imitate. When a child attempts to use language and successfully communicates, they are often reinforced (for example, through praise or attention), which encourages them to continue using and refining their language skills.

For instance, when a child says a word correctly and receives positive reinforcement, such as a smile or encouragement, this reinforcement strengthens the child's connection between the word and its meaning, motivating them to use it again in the future. This cycle of imitation and reinforcement is key to language learning according to this theory.

The other options touch on different aspects of language learning but do not align with the learning theory to the same extent. While innate biological instincts focus on a more nativist perspective, social interaction and modeling and observation highlight elements of language acquisition beyond just operant conditioning and reinforcement. The learning theory, however, specifically emphasizes the role of environmental interaction and reinforcement in the process of acquiring language.