Long-term memory is characterized by which of the following features?

Long-term memory is primarily characterized by its ability to retain information over extended periods, often ranging from days to years, which supports the idea that it can be retrieved into working memory when needed. This feature is crucial as it differentiates long-term memory from other types of memory, such as short-term or sensory memory, which are more transient.

Retrieving information from long-term memory into working memory allows an individual to actively use that stored knowledge in various cognitive processes, such as problem-solving, decision-making, and reasoning. This retrieval process is essential for applying learned information in real-life situations, demonstrating the interplay between memory systems.

The other features mentioned in the alternative options do not accurately describe the characteristics of long-term memory. For instance, long-term memory actually has an immense capacity for storage, contrary to any notion of limited capacity. Furthermore, while some retrieval processes may occur with conscious awareness, not all long-term memories require this; many memories can be retrieved subconsciously. Lastly, the assertion that long-term memory is maintained for short periods only does not align with the definition, as long-term memory is specifically intended for the retention of information over much longer timescales.