Social inequality is defined as:

Social inequality refers to the systematic disparities in the distribution of resources, opportunities, and privileges among individuals based on various factors such as socioeconomic status, race, gender, and education. The correct answer captures this concept by emphasizing the unequal distribution of opportunities influenced by demographic variables. This definition highlights how certain groups may have advantages or disadvantages in access to education, employment, healthcare, and other essential resources due to their demographic characteristics, creating a structure of inequality within society.

Understanding social inequality involves recognizing that it is not merely about the presence or absence of equality, but rather the mechanisms that lead to differential access and treatment. This understanding is critical for analyzing social structures and the impact they have on individuals and groups, particularly in terms of social stratification and mobility.