What does 'impression management' refer to?

Impression management refers to the process by which individuals consciously control their behavior and presentation in order to shape how they are perceived by others. This concept is rooted in sociological and psychological theories regarding social interactions and self-presentation. By intentionally modifying their actions, communication style, or appearance, individuals aim to influence the impressions that others form about them, aligning these perceptions with their desired public image.

This concept often plays a critical role in various social situations, such as job interviews, social gatherings, or public performances, where the stakes of how one is perceived can significantly impact personal and professional outcomes. The focus is on strategic behavior that aligns with societal norms and expectations, showcasing the deliberate nature of the process in contrast to automatic or unconscious behaviors.

In summary, the correct answer highlights this strategic and purposeful aspect of social interaction, making it a fundamental concept in understanding how individuals navigate their social environments.