What does regression refer to in psychological terms?

Regression in psychological terms refers to a defense mechanism in which an individual reverts to behaviors characteristic of an earlier developmental stage. This often occurs in response to stress, anxiety, or overwhelming situations, where more mature coping strategies may feel inadequate. By engaging in these less sophisticated behaviors, individuals may find temporary relief or comfort, reminiscent of a time when coping was less challenging.

For instance, an adult experiencing significant stress may start exhibiting childlike behaviors, such as throwing tantrums or needing reassurance from others like a child would. This mechanism can provide a sense of safety but is generally considered maladaptive in adulthood, as it hinders the development of effective coping strategies.

The other options describe different psychological concepts that do not align with the definition of regression. Developing new skills relates more to personal growth, while improving interpersonal relationships involves communication strategies rather than reverting to earlier behaviors. Self-reflection can enhance personal insights and may influence development, but it does not reflect the essence of regression as a defense mechanism.