What does Resource Mobilization Theory focus on in social movements?

Resource Mobilization Theory emphasizes the importance of material and social resources in the development and success of social movements. This theory posits that the effectiveness of a movement largely depends on its ability to gather resources—such as money, manpower, and organizational support—necessary for sustaining activities and achieving goals. It highlights how external factors, including political opportunities and social structures, can either facilitate or obstruct the mobilization of these resources. Thus, understanding the factors that help or hinder movements is crucial for explaining why some social movements succeed while others fail.

The other options, while they may address relevant aspects of social movements, do not capture the core focus of Resource Mobilization Theory. The ideological beliefs of participants, movement size, and social class can all influence social movements, but Resource Mobilization Theory specifically looks at the resources at a movement's disposal and how they are mobilized to achieve objectives.