What is gender bias in healthcare often associated with?

Gender bias in healthcare frequently manifests as unequal treatment based on gender for similar health conditions. This means that individuals may receive different levels or types of care based solely on their gender identity, rather than their actual medical needs. For instance, research has shown that women may be underdiagnosed or undertreated for conditions like cardiovascular disease compared to men, even when they present with similar symptoms. This can lead to significant disparities in health outcomes.

The other options, while related to healthcare disparities, do not specifically capture the essence of gender bias as effectively. The availability of healthcare facilities can affect access to care for all genders but does not address the issue of differential treatment based on gender. The prevalence of diseases in different genders is more about health statistics and epidemiology rather than bias in treatment. Lastly, societal roles can influence healthcare access and behavior, but the core definition of gender bias is more accurately reflected in the unequal treatment aspect based on gender.