What is stereotype threat?

Stereotype threat refers to the anxiety and fear of confirming negative stereotypes about one's social group, which can adversely affect performance in various situations, particularly in academic and testing environments. When individuals are aware of a stereotype that suggests they are less capable in a certain domain—such as intelligence or competence—this awareness can create psychological pressure and anxiety that detracts from their actual performance.

This phenomenon is well-documented in psychological research, demonstrating that when individuals feel they might be judged based on stereotypes, it can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy where the anxiety caused by the stereotype actually impairs their ability to perform to their potential. Recognizing stereotype threat illustrates the influence of societal perceptions on individual behavior and performance.

In contrast, the other options describe concepts that do not align with the nature of stereotype threat. Support from one's group relates more to social cohesion and resources during challenges, confidence in overcoming expectations speaks to individual resilience without addressing the external pressures of stereotypes, and personal growth through challenges suggests a more positive development experience without the accompanying anxiety that stereotype threat encompasses.