Which approach views life as a stage where individuals present themselves in various roles?

The correct choice—Dramaturgical approach—conceptualizes life as a theatrical performance where individuals adopt various roles depending on the context and audience. This perspective, notably articulated by sociologist Erving Goffman, suggests that people manage impressions and control the narrative through their behavior, much like an actor in a play. Goffman's ideas emphasize the importance of social settings and the dynamics of performance in daily life, illustrating how individuals adjust their behavior to fit different social situations.

This approach allows for an in-depth understanding of social interactions and highlights the notion of identity as fluid and situation-dependent. It underscores the significance of both the front stage, where individuals present themselves to others, and the back stage, where people can relax and be themselves without the constraints of performance. By framing social life as a series of performances, the dramaturgical approach provides valuable insights into human behavior, social norms, and the complexities of social roles.