Which neurotransmitters are recognized as the most common inhibitory neurotransmitters?

The recognition of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and Glycine as the most common inhibitory neurotransmitters stems from their critical roles in the central nervous system. GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, where it functions by binding to GABA receptors and opening ion channels that allow chloride ions to enter the neuron, making it more negatively charged and less likely to fire an action potential. This action is essential for reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.

Glycine serves a similar function, predominantly in the spinal cord and brainstem, where it also inhibits neuronal firing and contributes to the regulation of motor control, as well as processing inhibitory signals in the central nervous system. The synergistic effects of GABA and Glycine help maintain the balance of excitation and inhibition, which is crucial for normal brain function and preventing excitotoxicity.

The other neurotransmitters mentioned in the options do not primarily function as the main inhibitory transmitters. For example, Aspartate is generally considered an excitatory neurotransmitter, while Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Dopamine and Serotonin have diverse roles in mood regulation, reward, and various physiological functions, but they are not classified as