Which of the following statements about social mobility is true?

Social mobility refers to the ability of individuals or families to move up or down the socio-economic ladder, which is influenced by a variety of factors. The statement regarding social mobility being influenced by personal life choices is accurate because individual decisions, such as pursuing education, changing jobs, or relocating for better opportunities, can significantly impact one's socio-economic position.

For instance, a person's choice to obtain higher education typically enhances their job prospects and potential income, while career decisions may affect their ability to advance or maintain their status. Furthermore, personal choices can intersect with structural factors like access to resources, social networks, and broader economic conditions, which can either facilitate or hinder mobility.

In contrast, the other statements present a more limited or inaccurate view of social mobility. Suggesting that it only occurs through education discounts other important pathways, such as employment opportunities or entrepreneurial ventures. Claiming that social mobility is completely dictated by race overlooks the multifaceted nature of socio-economic status, as many other variables—including socio-economic background, education, and access to resources—also play critical roles. Finally, stating that social mobility is not affected by economic conditions ignores how shifts in the economy, such as recessions or booms, can significantly influence job availability, wages, and overall mobility for individuals