Which stage of sleep is associated with a relaxed state of wakefulness according to EEG readings?

The correct answer identifies Stage 1 Sleep as associated with a relaxed state of wakefulness based on EEG readings. During Stage 1 Sleep, brain activity begins to slow down, transitioning from wakefulness into deeper sleep. EEG readings during this stage show a reduction in frequency and an increase in amplitude, often displaying theta waves, which are characteristic of light sleep.

This stage is typically brief and represents the transition between sleep and wakefulness; individuals may not even recognize that they have fallen asleep. It is during this time that people can experience hypnic jerks or sudden muscle contractions as they drift off. It is important to note that while in this state, individuals may still be easily awakened, further indicating a relaxed yet conscious state.

In contrast, the other stages of sleep have distinct characteristics that do not align with the description provided. For instance, Stage 2 Sleep is deeper and associated with sleep spindles and K-complexes, indicative of more stable sleep. Stages 3 and REM Sleep feature even deeper sleep and are associated with significant physiological changes, including less responsiveness to external stimuli and increased brain activity during REM. Each of these stages marks a progression further away from a relaxed state of wakefulness.