Which system considers both personal initiative and social variables?

The class system is recognized for its integration of both personal initiative and social variables when evaluating an individual's social standing. Unlike a caste system, which is typically determined at birth and restricts mobility based on predetermined social categories, the class system allows for some degree of fluidity based on a person's efforts, achievements, and economic success.

In a class system, individuals may improve their social standing through education, career advancement, or entrepreneurial ventures, highlighting the importance of personal initiative. Simultaneously, it incorporates social variables such as family background, economic conditions, and access to resources, which can influence one's ability to move within the class hierarchy. Thus, the class system effectively embodies the interplay of individual agency and contextual social factors, making it the most fitting answer to the question.