Which term encompasses the unintended or less recognizable consequences of a social structure?

Latent functions refer to the unintended and often less recognizable consequences of a social structure. In contrast to manifest functions, which are the intended and clearly articulated consequences of a social structure, latent functions can exist more subtly and may not be immediately apparent. For example, while a school system's manifest function is to educate students, a latent function might be the establishment of social networks among peers.

Understanding latent functions allows sociologists to recognize the complexities within social structures and how they can affect individuals and society in ways that aren't overtly acknowledged. This distinction highlights the multifaceted nature of social interactions and institutions, showcasing that social structures can have effects that are both intended and unintended, often influencing broader social patterns and individual behaviors in ways that may take time to become evident.